国家开放大学22秋管理英语4形考任务1-4[标准答案]

单元自测1（10分）

试卷总分:100  得分:100

 

一、选择填空题（每题10分，共5题）

 

1.— We could let some of the staff work from home.________________?

— That's a good idea.

A.Do you have any good ideas

B.What do you think of it

C.Is there anything else

 

2.— Could you give us a speech on management functions some day this week?

—________________.

A.That'a good idea

B.No, I already have plans

C.I'd love to, but I'm busy this week

 

3.______ his anger the employees called him Mr. Thunder, but they loved him.

A.Due to

B.In spite of

C.Because

 

4.The responsibilities in handbook ______ that managers have to be concerned with efficiency and effectiveness in the work process.

A.imply

B.indicate

C.interrupt

 

5.Even the best continually seek ways to ______ their skills.

A.sharp

B.sharpener

C.sharpen

 

6.二、阅读理解：根据文章内容，判断正误（共50分）。

 

Who Killed Nokia?

 

　　Nokia executives attempted to explain its fall from the top of the smartphone pyramid with three factors: 1) that Nokia was technically inferior to Apple, 2) that the company was complacent and 3) that its leaders didn't see the disruptive iPhone coming.

 　　It has also been argued that it was none of the above. Nokia lost the smartphone battle because of divergent shared fears among the company's middle and top managers which led to company-wide inertia that left it powerless to respond to Apple's game.

 　　Based on the findings of an in-depth investigation and 76 interviews with top and middle managers, engineers and external experts, the researchers discovered a culture of fear due to temperamental leaders and that frightened middle managers were scared of telling the truth.

 　　The fear that froze the company came from two places. First, the company's top managers had a terrifying reputation. Some members of Nokia's board and top management were described as “extremely temperamental” and they regularly shouted at people “at the top of their lungs”. It was very difficult to tell them things they didn't want to hear. Secondly, top managers were afraid of the external environment and not meeting their quarterly targets, which also impacted how they treated middle managers.

 　　Top managers thus made middle managers afraid of disappointing them. Middle managers were told that they were not ambitious enough to meet top managers' goals.

 　　Fearing the reactions of top managers, middle managers remained silent or provided optimistic, filtered information. Thus, middle managers directly lied to top management.

 　　Worse, a culture of status inside Nokia made everyone want to hold onto vested power for fear of resources being allocated elsewhere if they delivered bad news or showed that they were not bold or ambitious enough to undertake challenging assignments.

 　　Beyond verbal pressure, top managers also applied pressure for faster performance in personnel selection. This led middle managers to over promise and under deliver. One middle manager told us that “you can get resources by promising something earlier, or promising a lot. It's sales work.”

 　　While modest fear might be healthy for motivation, abusing it can be like overusing a drug, which risks generating harmful side effects. To reduce this risk, leaders should coordinate with the varied emotions of the staff. Nokia's top managers should have encouraged safe dialogue, internal coordination and feedback to understand the true emotion in the organization.

 ?

 

操作提示：正确选T，错误选F。

 

 ?Nokia lost the smartphone battle because its technology is not as good as that of Apple.   1   

 

2. ?Nokia's middle managers were frank to tell the truth, but the top ones didn't listen to them.   2   

 

3. ?Nokia's top managers were too moody to hear anything good but harsh.   3   

 

4. ?Middle managers in Nokia delivered results more than they promised earlier.   4   

 

5. ?Nokia's top managers should have had better conversation techniques to encourage internal coordination and truth.   5

(1).__1__

A.T

B.F

(2).__2__

A.T

B.F

(3).__3__

A.T

B.F

(4).__4__

A.T

B.F

(5).__5__

A.T

B.F

 

单元自测2（10分）

试卷总分:100  得分:100

 

一、选择填空题（每题10分，共5题）

 

1.— If you can't say what you've come to say at the meeting, what's the point?

 

—____________________,but I think you might need to change your approach somewhat.

A.I am not sure

B.I can see that

C.I know that

 

2.—____________________identify the problems that have been occurring?

—Well, as you know, the problems we had with Gary caused a lot of friction among the team.

A.What would you

B.Will you

C.Are you able to

 

3.Effective leaders distill complex thoughts and strategies into simple, memorable terms __________ colleagues and customers can grasp and act upon.

A.when

B.that

C.who

 

4.If demand is rising but the firm __________ from? communication failure, then stocks will fall and there will be understaffing.

A.has been suffering

B.is going to suffer

C.is suffering

 

5.I think the primary ______factor is there's been so much absence lately.?

A.contributing

B.causing

C.affecting

 

6.二、阅读理解：根据文章内容，判断正误（共50分）。

 

Habits of Highly Effective Communicators

 

 

　　It's no secret that good leaders are also good communicators. Indeed, communication and leadership are inextricably tied. How can you galvanize, inspire or guide others if you don't communicate in a clear, credible and authentic way? Here are 5 essential communication practices of effective leaders:

 

　　1. Mind the say-do gap. Trust is the bedrock of effective leadership – your behavior is your single greatest mode of communication, and it must be congruent with what you say. If your actions don't align with your words, you are storing up trouble for the future.

 

　　2. Make the complex simple. Effective leaders distill complex thoughts and strategies into simple, memorable terms that colleagues and customers can grasp and act upon. The most important thing is to clarify what you want to say, look out for technical jargon and avoid business speak, which add complexity. Say what you mean in as few words as possible.

 

　　3. Find your own voice. Use language that's distinctly your own; let your values come through in your communication. Correct use of language and grammar are important, of course, but don't become overly fixated on eloquence for eloquence's sake; concentrate on being distinct and real. People want real, people respect real, people follow real.

 

　　4. Be visible Visibility is about letting your key stakeholders get a feel for who you are and what you care about. Don't hide behind a computer and only interact with people electronically – see them face to face and voice to voice, and interact with them in a real, substantial way. In today's environment, where people are often burned out, it's important for employees to have a personal connection with you and the work you believe in. Show the people that work for you that you're engaged and that you care about them and their work.

 

　　5. Listen with your eyes as well as your ears. Effective communication is a two-way process, and good leaders know how to ask good questions, and then listen with both their eyes and their ears. Because you are in a position of authority, others may be reluctant to express their real opinions to you directly. You won't always get direct feedback, so you need to also be able to read between the lines and look for the non-verbal cues.

 

操作提示：正确选T，错误选F。

 

 Communication and leadership don't always go hand in hand.   1   

 

2. The say-do gap happens when people misunderstand their leader's intention.   2   

 

3. Using technical jargon makes a leader convincing.   3   

 

4. Communicating sincerely is always the best.   4   

 

5. Observation is as important as communication when you want to know what people really think.   5

(1).__1__

A.T

B.F

(2).__2__

A.T

B.F

(3).__3__

A.T

B.F

(4).__4__

A.T

B.F

(5).__5__

A.T

B.F

 

单元自测3（10分）

试卷总分:100  得分:100

 

一、选择填空题（每题10分，共5题）

 

1.— Will you help me arrange a meeting with Mr. Brown, please?

—_____________

A.No, no way.

B.No, I can't.

C.Sorry I can't. I have to finish my project right now.

 

2.— What are your teammates like?

—_____________

A.They are all warmhearted and helpful.

B.They all like sports and games.

C.They are all good friends.

 

3.?How do you get your members to ______ as a team?

A.pull apart

B.pull up

C.pull together

 

4.?I like to think ______. ?I am always the one finding new ways to a situation or challenge.

A.inside of the box

B.of the box

C.outside of the box

 

5.I believe that I have a lot to contribute ______ a team environment, and am comfortable in both leadership and player roles.

A.to

B.?with

C.for

 

6.阅读理解：根据文章内容，判断正误（共50分）。

 Tips for Team Building

 

　　When you think of team building, do you immediately picture your group off at a resort playing games or hanging from ropes? Traditionally, many organizations approach team building in this way but, then, they wonder why that wonderful sense of teamwork that had been displayed at the retreat or the seminar fails to impact long term beliefs and actions back at work.

 

　　I'm not averse to retreats, planning sessions, seminars and team building activities — in fact I lead them — but they have to form part of a much larger teamwork effort. You will not build teamwork by “retreating” as a group for a couple of days each year, instead you need to think of team building as something you do every single day.

 

　　? Form teams to solve real work issues and to improve real work processes. Provide training in systematic methods so the team expends its energy on the project, not on trying to work out how to work together as a team to approach the problem.

 

　　? Hold department meetings to review projects and progress, to obtain broad input, and to coordinate shared work processes. If there is friction between team members, examine the work processes they mutually own — the problem is not usually their personalities; instead, it is often the fact that the team members haven't agreed on how they will deliver a product or service, or the steps required to get something done.

 

　　? Build fun and shared occasions into the organization's agenda — hold pot luck lunches, take the team to a sporting event, sponsor dinners at a local restaurant, go hiking or go to an amusement park. Hold a monthly company meeting, sponsor sports teams and encourage cheering team fans.

 

　　? Use ice breakers and teamwork exercises at meetings — these help team members get to know each other, share details about each others lives, and have a laugh together.

 

　　? Celebrate team successes publicly. There are many ways you could do this, for instance by buying everyone the same T-shirt or hat, putting team member names in a draw for company merchandise and gift certificates. The only thing limiting you is your imagination.

 

　　If you do the types of teamwork building listed above, you'll be amazed at the progress you will make in creating a teamwork culture, a culture that enables individuals to contribute more than they ever thought possible — together.

 

操作提示：正确选T，错误选F。

 

 Team building event is traditionally related to playing games at resort.   1   

 

2. The author claims that playing games together is as important as form teams to solve real work issues and to improve real work processes for team building.   2   

 

3. “Retreat” in the first paragraph means withdrawal of troops after a defeat.   3   

 

4. Ice breaking motivates team members compete with each other.   4   

 

5. A good teamwork culture enables individuals make more efforts together.   5

(1).__1__

A.T

B.F

(2).__2__

A.T

B.F

(3).__3__

A.T

B.F

(4).__4__

A.T

B.F

(5).__5__

A.T

B.F

 

单元自测4（10分）

试卷总分:100  得分:100

 

一、选择填空题（每题10分，共5题）

 

1.— Wow! This is a fantastic project! I've never known you're so creative.

—? __________

A.Don't mention it.

B.Great, I dare to say I am a talent.

C.Thanks for your compliments.

 

2.— __________

 — You might as well write a thanks-note.

A.How do you like the rewards?

B.What do you do with the rewards?

C.Could you suggest some ways of the rewards?

 

3.______ clearly communicate with and actively listen to employees is essential to improve their performance.

A.Be able to

B.Being able

C.Being able to

 

4.All the team members tried their best. We lost the game, _________.

A.however

B.therefore

C.since

 

5.?Self-esteem needs might include the ______ from a workplace.

A.rewards

B.rewarded

C.rewarded

 

6.二、阅读理解：根据文章内容，判断正误（共50分）。

 The Right Way to Motivate Employees

 

　　It's important for a CEO to be passionate and enthusiastic, but there's a line of professionalism that must always be maintained.

 

　　According to a report from the technology website Venture Beat, PayPal CEO David Marcus wrote a critical letter to his employees blaming them for not using PayPal products and encouraging them to leave if they didn't have the passion to use the products they work for.

 

　　According to the website, part of the leaked letter reads:

 

　　“It's been brought to my attention that when testing paying with mobile at Cafe 17 last week, some of you refused to install the PayPal app, and others didn't even remember their PayPal passwords. That's unacceptable to me, and the rest of my team, everyone at PayPal should use our products where available. That's the only way we can make them better, and better.”

 

　　“In closing, if you are one of the folks who refused to install the PayPal app or if you can't remember your PayPal password, do yourself a favor, go and find something that will connect with your heart and mind elsewhere.”

 

　　While not obvious at first, the letter reveals a problem of morale and culture at PayPal. As an executive, you certainly want your employees to use and promote your products. However, when faced with a situation where staff isn't embracing what they make, you need to investigate the root of the problem -- not threaten.

When faced with internal problems, good executives start by asking “why”. They reach out to their executive team first and then to the entire staff to find the root of a problem and how to fix it. Sending out a one-sided note about the problem is not leading, it's retreating.

 

　　Leadership starts by listening. Good executives need to get out among the staff and ask questions and listen without judgment or reaction. The fact that company employees are not embracing and using its products is a failure of leadership that Marcus needs to address by self-reflection. At the end of the day, if his employees have to be forced to use the app, how can he expect consumers to want to willingly pay to use it? Marcus should have focused on three questions:

 

　　? Why are you not using the app?

 

　　? What is it that we can do to ensure you use our app?

 

　　? What do you need from me?

 

操作提示：正确选T，错误选F。

 

 A CEO only needs to be passionate and enthusiastic.   1   

 

2. It is not professional that PayPal CEO blames his employees not to use PayPal or forget PayPal passwords.   2   

 

3. “A one-sided note” refers to the root of PayPal's problem.   3   

 

4. When faced with internal problems, good executives find the root of a problem in their executive team first.   4   

 

5. Good executives need to give feedback immediately when they are listening to the staff.   5

(1).__1__

A.T

B.F

(2).__2__

A.T

B.F

(3).__3__

A.T

B.F

(4).__4__

A.T

B.F

(5).__5__

A.T

B.F

 

单元自测5（10分）

试卷总分:100  得分:100

 

一、选择填空题（每题10分，共5题）

 

1.— Haven't seen you for ages. What are you busy doing now?

— ____________

A.Yes ,long time no see.

B.Yeah, thanks for coming.

C.I am working part time in a bookstore.

 

2.— Over-the-top? You mean…

— ____________

A.Well, sometimes your co-workers feel that you are too loud.

B.No, I don't.

C.Thanks a lot.

 

3.At a rough ________, we will take another four weeks to finish this plan.

A.estimate

B.value

C.account

 

4.Good work ________ good pay.

A.deserves

B.requests

C.deserts

 

5.Wendy suggests that we ________ tomorrow.

A.shall go

B.should go

C.will go

 

6.二、阅读理解：根据文章内容，判断正误（共50分）。

 Performance Management and Performance Appraisal

 　　Performance management aims to acknowledge employee achievements, support their personal and professional development, and motivate and empower them to perform their work effectively. ?Performance management helps employees to develop their understanding, knowledge and skills so that they can contribute to the achievement of the enterprise's goals and gain personal and job satisfaction. It is a vital part of any quality human resource system.

 　　Every enterprise wants and should expect high performance from each employee.The elements of a competency-based performance management system will, if implemented well, enable high performance which will define enterprise and personal success. Using performance management processes, an enterprise can be better placed to meet competitive challenges. This is done by:

 　　●identifying the critical positions

 　　●determining the most important competencies for those positions

 　　●providing the education, training and feedback required by employees

 　　●holding each person accountable for their results

 　　The key to the performance management process is ‘performance appraisal'. Performance appraisal is simply an evaluation of how well an employee performs his or her job compared to a set of predetermined standards. It is a systematic process of feedback on an employee's work performance, and agreement to future training plans, job goals and job aspirations.

 　　To be effective, a performance appraisal needs to have a set of agreed criteria that will be the basis of feedback as well as of setting future goals. Units of competency provide a very effective tool for setting benchmarks or criteria for work performance. The performance criteria within units of competency can be used as measures to assess against in a performance appraisal or review.

 ?

 操作提示：正确选T，错误选F。

  Performance management is a very important part of any quality human resource system.   1   

 2. The aim of performance management is to punish the unqualified employees.   2   

 3. An enterprise can be better placed to meet competitive challenges by providing the education, training and feedback required by employees, for example.   3   

 4. Every enterprise can expect high performance from each employee.   4   

 5. “Performance management” is also called “performance appraisal”.   5

(1).__1__

A.T

B.F

(2).__2__

A.T

B.F

(3).__3__

A.T

B.F

(4).__4__

A.T

B.F

(5).__5__

A.T

B.F

 

单元自测6（10分）

试卷总分:100  得分:100

 

一、选择填空题（每题10分，共5题）

 

1.— Which of these hats do you want?

 — _______ . Either will do.

A.I don't mind

B.No problem

C.Go ahead

 

2.— Can I have three days off next week, Mr. Smith?

— _____. I can manage without you.

A.I'm afraid not

B.Of course

C.It depends

 

3.They depend on each other to survive. In other words, they are ______ for survival.

A.interwoven

B.interdependent

C.international

 

4.On hearing the news of ______ the major exam again, the girl burst into tears.

A.her having failed

B.she failed

C.her being failed

 

5.There is no _____ the fact that he is the best student in the class.

A.deny

B.denies

C.denying

 

6.二、阅读理解：根据文章内容，完成选择题（共50分）。

 How to Adapt to Change in the Workplace

 　　If there's one word?that captures the essence of what is occurring in the world today, it's “change.” Downsizing, reorganizing, and cutting costs, are now the norm for survival. No industry is exempt. Even the most conservative institutions are undergoing significant change just to survive.

 　　Change management has always been an issue of debate amongst scholars: how can employers create suitable conditions for a successful change process? And what can employees do to get through it?

 　　Tips for dealing with change in the workplace.

 　　●Make yourself aware that change happens: it happens in personal life, it happens in your professional life. You cannot live in the past, so denying that change could occur only makes things more complicated for you.?

 　　●Stay alert in the workplace: know what is happening around you. When you come across clues that hint change is on the way, acknowledge them!

 　　●Maintain open communication channels: Don't lay back and expect things to pass you by smoothly. You need to get acquainted with the occurring changes. Seek more details from your management and peers to form an accurate understanding of the matter. Be transparent and honest about your fears: dealing with the unknown is often resented and daunting. Make the picture as clear as you can.

 　　●Assess yourself: Change is a time when one's confidence about one's skills and capabilities gets shaky. Recognize your strengths and where you could bring them into play. At the same time, stay aware of your developmental areas and work on improving those.

 　　●Don't be stiff: It will make the change process much harder if you are rigid. Be flexible enough to look at the different angles of the change and see where you could apply your “existing” skills and knowledge, and what news skills you need to acquire.

 　　●Stay optimistic: Keep a positive attitude and don't let yourself drown in uncertainty. Involve yourself in the new process; locate yourself properly in the new scenario. Adjust!

 　　“You can't get to the top of Everest by jumping up the mountain. You get to the mountaintop by taking incremental steps. Step by step, you get to the goal”, says Robin Sharma, one of the world's most-sought-after leadership and personal success experts.

 ?

 操作提示：通过题目后的下拉选项框选择正确答案。

  Enterprises carry out downsizing, reorganizing and cutting costs in order to    1    .

 ? A. cut down on the number of workers

 ? B. reshuffle the organization

 ? C. survive

 2.?“No industry is exempt” means    2    .

 ? A. No industry is an exception

 ? B. No industry is an example

 ? C. Not every industry can be exempted

 3.?The following questions are often discussed among scholars EXCEPT    3    .

 ? A. How can bosses create favorable conditions for change

 ? B. How can productivity be increased

 ? C. What can workers do to get through change

 4.?How many suggestions does the author put forward?   4   

 ? A. 4

 ? B. 5

 ? C. 6

 5. From the passage, we know that Robin Sharma is    5    .

 ? A. an expert on leadership, and personal success

 ? B. a great leader

 ? C. someone who likes to play the game of Hide and Seek

(1).__1__

A.A

B.B

C.C

(2).__2__

A.A

B.B

C.C

(3).__3__

A.A

B.B

C.C

(4).__4__

A.A

B.B

C.C

(5).__5__

A.A

B.B

C.C

 

单元自测7（10分）

试卷总分:100  得分:100

 

一、选择填空题（每题10分，共5题）

 

1.— The Auto Show in the City Stadium has been canceled.

— Oh, no！_________

A.What a pity!

B.It doesn't matter!

C.It's not interesting at all!

 

2.— Sorry for being late. I should have called you earlier.

 —__________. I've just arrived

A.That's no trouble

B.You are welcome

C.That's all right

 

3._____ there is smoke, there is fire.

A.If

B.When

C.Where

 

4.The reason _____ he was absent from class yesterday was that he was ill and hospitalized.

A.for

B.why

C.that

 

5.Compared ______ English, Chinese is generally believed to be more difficult to learn.?

A.with

B.from

C.against

 

6.二、完型填空（共50分）

 操作提示：通过下拉选项框选择正确的词汇。

 　　What is museum? A museum is a good place to keep old and beautiful things. A museum may be a place to learn about science. A museum can be a place?   1    ?art of Indians or animals. What is inside a museum? Some museums have old cars and airplanes. Many museums have pictures and statues （雕像）. Others have rocks and old bones. One museum even has?   2    ?coal mine inside! Many cities have museums. Some very small?   3    ?have museums, too. Indianapolis has a?   4    ?museum. Children do not have to pay to get in. Children go to the museum often. They like to look at the dinosaur bones. They see a white bear ten feet tall. They go inside an old log cabin （小木屋）. On Saturday, Indianapolis children can?   5    ?talks about animals and trees. They see movies.

(1).__1__

A.for

B.on

C.about

(2).__2__

A.the

B.a

C.an

(3).__3__

A.towns

B.homes

C.countries

(4).__4__

A.child's

B.child

C.children's

(5).__5__

A.listen

B.to hear

C.hear

 

单元自测8（10分）

试卷总分:100  得分:100

 

一、选择填空题（每题10分，共5题）

 

1.—It's about a successful businessman's management experience, isn't it?

— ____________

A.My pleasure!

B.That's right!

C.It's up to you!

 

2.— ____________________________

 —Actually I prefer working on my own.

A.?Could I use this dictionary?

B.May I open the window to let in some fresh air?

C.Do you prefer teamwork or working individually?

 

3.He will write to me as soon as he ______ home.

A.will have returned ?

B.returns ?

C.will return

 

4.— Who should be responsible for the accident?

 — The boss, not the workers. They just carried out the order ______.

A.as are told?

B.as told?

C.as they told

 

5.?This is the man ______ last night.

A.whom I saw him

B.whom I saw

C.what I saw?

 

6.二、完型填空（共50分）

 操作提示：通过下拉选项框选择正确的词汇。

 　　This evening I met a friend at a local bar. She brought her laptop?   1    ?so she could show me some of her latest digital art designs. As we looked through her artwork, the laptop suddenly started making an unhealthy noise, then the screen twinkled on and off and then cut off?   2    . And as we both stared at one another surprisingly, the terrible smell of fried computer circuits appeared.

 　　I grabbed the laptop off the bar to inspect it and the problem instantly arose itself. The bottom of the laptop was completely wet and empty, spilt water glass rested against the side of her purse just behind where the laptop was sitting. While we were chatting and shifting the laptop's 17 inch screen?   3    , we somehow spilt a glass of water that the waiter had inadvertently (无意地) placed behind the screen, which was out of our view.

 　　When life throws id some troubles like this, it typically doesn't make any sense to us, and our natural emotional reaction might get extremely?   4    ?at the top of our lungs. But how does this help our dilemma? Obviously, it doesn't.

 　　The smartest and hardest thing we can do in these kinds of situations is to be more tempered in our reaction. You'd be much wiser and more disciplined than scream extremely. You should remember that emotional rage only makes matters worse. And please remember that once it happens, that will give us an opportunity to grow stronger.

 　　Every difficult moment in our lives is accompanied by an opportunity for personal growth and?   5    . But in order to attain this growth and creativity.

 　　We must first learn to control our emotions. We must recognize that difficulties pass like everything in our life.

(1).__1__

A.along

B.around

C.forward

(2).__2__

A.normally

B.completely

C.suddenly

(3).__3__

A.up and down

B.back and forth

C.in and out

(4).__4__

A.upset

B.excited

C.surprised

(5).__5__

A.creativity

B.respect

C.activity
国开形考任务1-4答案