西南大学0077《英译汉》作业答案

1、The country was a place where men worked from dawn to dark, and the laborer lived not in the sun, but in poverty and darkness.

参考答案：100分

在农村，人们从早到晚都得干活，劳动者并不是沐浴在阳光下，而是生活在贫困和黑暗之中。

2、Brindley’s improvements were practical: to sharpen and step up the performance of the water wheel as a machine.

参考答案：

布林德雷所作的改良是很实际的：改善并加强水车的机械功能。

 

 

 

 

3、James Brindley of Staffordshire started his self-made career in 1733 by working at mill wheels, at the age of seventeen, having been born poor in a village.

参考答案：

斯塔福郡的詹姆斯·布林德雷，出身于一个贫苦的农民家庭，一七三三年他十七岁，就着手改良磨坊的车轮，从而开始了他那自我奋斗的生涯。

 

 

 

 

4、Since economic reform began in 1978, an average growth rate of almost 10% a year has seen China's GNP nearly quadruple.

参考答案：

自1978年经济改革以来，中国经济以年均近10%的速度增长，使其国民生产总值几乎翻了两番。

 

 

 

 

5、The future of the world economy is of particular interest to my country because we have such a huge stake in it.

参考答案：

世界经济的未来与我国休戚相关，所以我们格外关注。

 

 

 

 

6、

She was annoyed by the persistent ringing of the phone.

 

 

 

参考答案：

没完没了的铃声让她心烦意乱。

 

 

7、

Bill was given a chair and asked to wait a little as darkness came on， then suddenly the whole bridge was outlined in lights.

 

 

 

参考答案：

天快黑了，有人给比尔一把椅子，请他坐下等一会儿。忽然电灯全亮了，照出了整座大桥的轮廓。

 

 

8、When I was a boy growing up in New York in the 1960s, we had a milkman delivering milk to our doorstep. His name was Mr. White. He wore a white cap and drove a white truck. As a five-year-old boy, I couldn’t take my eyes off the coins in his pocket. He noticed this one day during the delivering of milk and gave me a coin as a small gift.

Of course, he delivered more than milk. There was cheese, eggs and so on. If we needed to change our order, my mother would write a note—“Please add a bottle of buttermilk next day”—and placed it in the box along with the empty bottles. And then, the buttermilk would come.

参考答案：

20世纪60年代，当我是一个长在纽约的小孩的时候，有一个送奶工，把奶送到我们家门口。他的名字叫怀特先生。他带着白帽，开着白卡车。我当时五岁，一看到他兜里有硬币就拔不出眼来，有一天，在送奶期间，他注意到了这个情况，给了我一枚硬币作礼物。当然，他不仅仅送奶，还送别的东西，有奶酪、鸡蛋等等，如果我们需要改变订奶计划，我妈妈就会写一张纸条--“第二天请加一瓶奶油”—同空瓶一起放在盒子里，然后奶油就来了。

9、Several times on his trips to China, which he made as a guest of the Chinese government, Bill’s birthday occurred while he was in Beijing. On these occasions he was given a dinner in his honor and Premier Zhou En-lai would attend. He remembered the first occasion:

At the hotel I always finished the meal with ice-cream and the girls there would laugh because I liked it so much. Zhou En-lai was at my birthday party and at the end he got up, went over to the counter and got an ice-cream and he put it down in front of me – this is the Prime Minister you know! He said “This is for you.” I said “I didn’t know you could speak English.” He laughed and he said “a little bit” measuring with his finger and thumb. Sometimes when we were alone then he’d speak to me in English.

参考答案：

比尔作为中国政府的客人访问中国，好几次都赶上在北京过生日。这时候，主人总要为他举行宴会，周恩来总理也出席。他还记得第一次生日宴会的情景：

我在饭店吃饭，最后总是吃冰激凌。我吃的津津有味，惹得谈些女服务员发笑。这次生日宴会，周恩来在场。快到结束的时候，他站起来，走到柜台前，要了一杯冰激凌，放在我面前——别忘了，他可是总理呀！他对我说：“这是为您准备的。”我说“没想到您会说英语呀。”他笑了起来，接着说：“一点点。”一面说着，一面用食指和拇指比划着。后来有时候我们单独在一起，他就跟我说英语。

10、Over the years, the giving of gifts and the exchange of Christmas greeting cards have become very important customs during the holiday. Some people have criticized the importance of gift-giving, believing that the hurly-burly of shopping for presents and delivering them detracts from the true “Christmas Spirit.” But even critics could not deny that the Christmas spirit of warmth and generosity is still apparent everywhere during the holiday season. Religious, civic and social organizations make sure that the poor, the lonely, and the elderly are remembered with gifts and festive food. Street corners with volunteers ringing small bells to solicit donations to help the needy have become part of the traditional Christmas scene. Families open their doors to friends and strangers far from home and ask them to join in the festivities.

参考答案：

多少年来，赠与礼物和交换圣诞贺卡，成为这个佳节非常重要的习俗。有些人批评这种送礼的重要性，认为大家一窝风地争购和送发礼物贬低了真正的「耶诞精神」。但是既使是这些批评家，也不能否认，在此季节中，显然还是到处洋溢着此种温暖与慷慨的耶诞精神。一些宗教、民间、和社会团体都记得以礼物和应景食品赠送贫民、孤儿、病患者、独居者和老人。一些义工在街头摇着小铃，为贫苦者募集捐款已成为传统圣诞节景的一部分。家家户户，门户开放，招待一些远离家乡的游子，请他们来参与庆祝活动(共度佳节)。

11、China is the world's largest developing nation and the US is the world's most developed large nation. Bilateral trade between the two has grown impressively. In the early part of the 1970s, there was virtually no trade. Today, two way trade is something in the order of $ 6 billion and increasing. Increasing amounts of American investment have taken place in China, and Chinese investment in the United States is also beginning. The result, I believe, is that we have built the beginnings of a sound foundation for future commercial and financial ties. China's imports from the US, which amounted to $ 900 million in 1978, rose to nearly $ 3 billion in 1982. Exports rose from $ 300 million to $ 2.3 billion during the period. Total Chinese trade has also risen dramatically, from 1978 to 1983 Chinese exports increased from roughly $ 10 billion to $ 22 billion, while imports increased from $ 10 billion to just over $ 21 billion.

参考答案：

中国是世界最大的发展中国家，而美国是最发达的大国。两国之间的双边贸易已有显著的发展。70年代早期，美中之间实际并无贸易可言。如今，两国双边贸易大约为60亿美元，并且还在增加。美国在中国的投资越来越多，中国在美投资也在进行。我相信，我们已经为今后的贸易与金融关系打下了坚实的基础。中国从美国的进口额，1978年为9亿美元，到了1982年增加到近30亿美元。在那个时期，出口额从3亿美元曾长到23亿美元。中国的总贸易额也显著增长，从1978年到1983年，中国的出口额从大约100亿美元增加到220亿美元，进口额从110亿美元增长到210多亿美元。

12、Wherever you are, and whoever you may be, there is one thing in which you and I are just alike at this moment, and in all the moments of our existence. We are not at rest; we are on a journey. Our life is a movement, a tendency, ceaseless progress toward an unseen goal. We are gaining something, or losing something, everyday. Even when our position and our character seem to remain precisely the same, they are changing. For the mere advance of time is a change. It is not the same thing to have a bare field in January and in July. The season makes the difference. The limitations that are childlike in the children are childish in the man.

参考答案：

无论你是谁，无论你身在何方，此时此刻，你我有一个共同点，一个永远伴随你我的共同点。那就是，我们并不安闲，我们都身在路途。我们的人生是一场运动，一个趋势，一段坚定不移、无止无休地朝一个未知目标努力的过程。每天，我们都有所得，也有所失。即使我们的位置和品行看似与原来无异，而它们实际正在改变。时间的推移本身就是一种改变。一月和七月的荒野是截然不同的，是季节造成了变化。孩童的天真烂漫，表现在成人身上则成了幼稚。

13、

Tombs and temples of ancient Egypt follow the Nile well into Sudan. Driving Southward from Cairo into the valley, I entered a landscape that owed little to the present era. For the next 1,800 miles the thin blue ribbon of the Nile, flowing slowly north, unwound over brown soil and green fields, some only a few yards wide, others as broad as an Iowa cornfield. At the edge of the fields, rising in dramatic hills or stretching flat to the horizon, lay the brown barren deserts.

 

参考答案：

尼罗河沿岸直到苏丹境内很远的地方，到处可以见到古埃及的坟墓和寺庙。我从开罗驱车南行，进入尼罗河河谷，这里的景色还没有受到多少现代的影响。从这里再往前一千八百英里，尼罗河像一条细细的蓝色丝带，缓缓流向北方，沿途穿过棕色的土地和绿色的田野，这田地窄的不过几码，宽的则赶得上美国伊阿华州的玉米地。田地外边是寸草不生的棕色沙漠，有的地方突然隆起像小山，有的地方则平平地伸向地平线。

 

 

14、World food prices are pushing higher— the United Nations overall food index shows a 28.3% annual increase, with cereals up 44.1%—sparking concerns that a new food crisis may be emerging, just three years after the last one. Does this mean the world is sunning out of food?

The quick answer is that the world does seem to be running low on cheap food. This supply shortage stems from the failure of governments and donors over nearly three decades to fund the basic agricultural research, investments in rural infrastructure, and training for smallholder farmers necessary to push out the productivity frontier.

参考答案：

世界粮食价格正在推高—联合国食品综合指数显示年均上涨28.3%，其中谷类上涨44.1%—引发人们担心可能会出现又一轮粮食危机，尽管距离上一场危机不过才三个年头。那么，粮价上涨，是不是意味着全世界的粮食快要吃完了呢？

现成的回答是，全世界的廉价粮食确实在减少。造成这种供应短缺的原因是，过去近三十年来，各国政府和各类资助机构未能大力资助鼓励农业基础研究，对农村基础设施投资不足，对小农提高农业生产率所需要的培训也不够重视。

 

15、With equal passion I have sought knowledge .I have wished to understand the hearts of men. I have wished to know why the star shines. And I have tried to apprehend the Pythagorean power by which number holds sway above the flux. A little of this, but not too much, I have achieved.

Love and knowledge, as far as they are possible, led upward toward the heavens. But always pity brought me back to the earth. Echoes of cries of pain reverberate in my heart. Children in famine, victims tortured by oppressors, helpless old people a hated burden to their sons, and the whole world of loneliness, poverty, and pain make a mockery of what human life should be. I long to alleviate the evil, but I cannot, and I too suffer.

参考答案：

我以同样的热情追求知识，我想理解人类的心灵，我想了解星辰为何灿烂。我还试图弄懂毕达哥拉斯学说，它认为数是高居于感性流变之上的永恒力量。我在这方面略有成就，但不多。

爱情和知识只要存在，总是向上导往天堂。但是，怜悯又总是把我带回人间。痛苦的呼喊在我心中反响，回荡，孩子们受饥荒煎熬，无辜者被压迫者折磨，孤弱无助的老人在自己的儿子眼中变成可恶的累赘，以及世上触目皆是的孤独、贫困和痛苦——这些都是对人类应该过的生活的嘲弄。我渴望能减少罪恶，可我做不到，于是我感到痛苦。

16、

Spring is a season of freshness and greenness.  It is considered by many to be the best time in the year.  The weather is mild; the day long, and the night short.  The grasses and the leaves are deeply covered in green color and full of fresh fragrance.  The merry birds sing cheerily.  Therefore, spring is a very enjoyable time and is better than the other seasons: summer, autumn, and winter.

 

The weather of summer is hot, while winter is cold and dreary.  Both of these seasons are not for us to study.  In the time of autumn, cold winds which are not at all pleasant generally blow.</

 

参考答案：

春天是一个鲜绿的季节。很多人认为它是一年之中最好的时光。气候温和，日长夜短。青草与树叶一片翠绿，清香四溢。快乐的鸟儿愉快地歌唱。因此春天是一个非常令人愉快的时光，好过其它的季节--夏天、秋天和冬天。

 

夏天的天气炎热，冬天的天气寒冷阴沉。这两个季节均不适合我们读书。在秋天的日子，通常寒风飒飒，一点也不令人喜悦。